(pronouns)
Na Riochdairean Pearsantach*
(personal pronouns)
| person | sg. | pl. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | mi | sinn |
| 2 | tu | sibh |
| 3m. | e | iad |
| 3f. | i |
(emphatic pronouns)
| person | sg. | pl. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | mise | sinne |
| 2 | tusa | sibhse |
| 3m. | esan | iadsan |
| 3f. | ise |
riochdair seilbheach possessive
(possessive pronouns)
| person | sg. | pl. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | mo+L | ar |
| 2 | do+L | bhur/ur |
| 3m. | a+L | an/am |
| 3f. | a |
The pronouns ⟨mo⟩ ‘my’, ⟨do⟩ ‘your’ and ⟨a⟩ ‘his’ lenite the following consonant where possible, and elides before a vowel or ⟨fh⟩ + vowel.
⟨mo mhac⟩ ‘my son’, ⟨a mhac⟩ ‘his son’ but ⟨ar mac⟩ ‘our son’ and ⟨a mac⟩ ‘her son’
The emphatic possessive pronouns are
| person | sg. | pl. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | mo+L ___-sa | ar ___-ne |
| 2 | do+L ___-sa | bhur/ur___-ne |
| 3m. | a+L ___-san | an/am___-san |
| 3f. | a ___-se |
⟨mo mhac-sa⟩ ‘my son’
⟨gu > gum, gud, ga+L, ga, gar, gur, gan/gam⟩: ‘(about to) me..’.
⟨aig > gam, gad, ga+L, ga, gar, gur, gan/gam⟩: ‘at my, at your … etc.’
⟨ann > nam, nad, na, na, nar, nur, nan/nam⟩: ‘in my, in your … etc.’
riochdair comharrachaidh/sònrachaichte/
Prepositional Possessive Pronouns
| prep. | + mo. | + do | + a (m.) | + a (f.) | +ar | + ur | + an/am |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aig + | gam | gad | ga | ga | gar | gur | gan/gam |
| ann + | nam | nad | na | na | nar | nur | nan/nam |
Prepositional Pronouns
| prep. | + mi | + tu | + e | + i | + sinn | + sibh | + iad |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aig + | agam | agad | aige | aice | againn | agaibh | aca |
| air + | orm | ort | air | oirre | oirnn | oirbh | orra |
(demonstrative pronouns)
| person | sg. | |
|---|---|---|
| near | seo | this |
| far away | siud | that |
| further away | sin | that |
riochdair dàimheach relative
(relative pronoun)
There are three relative pronouns in Gaelic:
- ⟨a⟩ ‘who, which, that’
- ⟨na⟩ ‘what, that which’
- ⟨nach⟩ ‘that not, who not, which not’
Riochdairean Ceisteach******
(interrogative pronouns)
In Gaelic all pronouns are based on ⟨cò⟩, ⟨cia⟩ and ⟨ciod⟩
- ⟨cò?⟩ ‘who/which?’
- ⟨cia⟩ is used in combinations’
- ⟨ciod?⟩ ‘what?
- ‘
Riochdairean Neo-Chinnteach******
(indefinite pronouns)
⟨fear⟩ ‘man’
⟨tè⟩ ‘female’
⟨neach⟩ ‘a person, one’
⟨aon⟩ ‘one’
⟨cuideigin⟩ ‘someone’ (common)
⟨feareigin⟩ ‘someone’ (masculine or common)
⟨tè-eigin⟩ ‘someone’ (f.)
⟨rudeigin⟩ ‘something’
⟨gin⟩ ‘any, anyone, anything’
⟨càil, dad, nì, sian, stuth⟩ ‘anything’
⟨feadhainn⟩ ‘some’, lit. ‘people’
riochdair co-chèileach reciprical
riochdair fèineach reflexive
(prepositional pronouns)
| preposition | 1.sg. mi | 2.sg. tu | 3.m.sg. e | 3.f.sg. i | 1.pl. sinn | 2.pl. sibh | 3.pl. iad |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aig | agam | agad | aige | aice | againn | agaibh | aca |
| air | orm | ort | air | oirre | oirnn | oirbh | orra |
| ann | annam | annad | ann | innte | annainn | annaibh | annta |
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