Latin

Abecedárivm

nómina

ABECEDÁRIVM

Abecedárivm Latínvm vígínti trés (XXIII) litterás habet

The Classical Latin Alphabet has 23 letters

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Y, Z

Littera

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

V

X

Y

Z

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

k

l

m

n

o

p

q

r

s

t

v

x

y

z

nómen latínvm

á

bé

cé

dé

e

ef

gé

há

í

ká

el

em

en

ó

pé

qv́

er

es

ŧé

v́

ex

í greca

zéta

Vocales svnt a, e, i, o, v, y. cónsonantés alterí svnt. vócálés longae á, é, í, ó, v́, ý scríbvntvr

The vowels are a, e, i, o, v, y. The rest are consonants. Vowels can be short or long. Long vowels are written á, é, í, ó, v́, ý

Sex (VI) dipthongí svnt ae, ei, oe, av, ev, vi

The diphthongs are ae, ei, oe, av, ev, vi

The Consonants are divided into Mutes, Liquids, Nasals and Spirants

The Mutes are b, c, ch, g, d, k, p, ph, q, t, th, of these

are voiced b, d, h

are voiceless c, k, p, q, t

are aspirated ch, ph, th

They are classified as

Labials: b, p, ph

Dentals (or Linguals) d, t, th

Gutturals (or Palatals) g, c, k, q, ch

The nasals are m, n (also n advlterīnvm as in ‘sing’

The spirants are h, f, s

The liquids are l, r

The Semivowels i, v

The double vowels x (cs), z

	Voiced	Voiceless	Aspirates
Mutes	b	p	ph	labial
	d	t	th	dental
	g	c, k, q	ch	guttural
Liquids	l, r
Nasals	m, n
Spirants		f		labial
		s		dental
		h		guttural
Semivowels	i, v

Prōnōmina (Pronouns) Ego (egō) Tū Is Ea Id Nōs Vōs Eī Eae Ea

Singular

Nom. ego

gen. mē

dat.

acc.

abl.

VERBVM

NÓMINA

Nouns

nvmerí svnt dvo (2): singvláris et plv́rális.

there are two (2) numbers: singular and plural.

Genera svnt tria (3): féminínvm, masculínvm et nevtrvm.

there are three (3) genders: feminine, masculine and neuter

Déclínátiónés nóminvm svbstantívórvm svnt ___/

cásv́s

there are 7 cases

Déclínátió I – 1st Declension

pvella,

some are macuscline (navta)

	sg.	pl.	sg.	pl.
	(letter, Rome)	(letters, Athens)	(sailor)	(sailors)
nom.	littera	litterae	navta	navtae
gen.	litterae	litterārvm	navtae	navtārvm
dat.	litterae	litterīs	navtae	navtīs
acc.	litteram	litterās	navtam	navtās
abl.	litterā	litterīs	navtā	navtīs
voc.	littera	litterae	navta	navtae
loc.	Romae	Athenīs	–	–

A littera est

B et C litterae svnt

Róma in Italiá est

Déclínátió II – 2nd Declension

	sg.	pl.	sg.	pl.
	(husband, Corinth)	(husbands)	(boy)	(boys)
nom.	marītvs	marītī	pver	pverī
gen.	marītī	marītōrvm	pverī	pverōrvm
dat.	marītō	marītīs	pverō	pverīs
acc.	marītvm	marītōs	pvervm	pverōs
abl.	marītō	marītīs	pverō	pverīs
voc.	marīte	marītī	pver	pverī
loc.	Corinthī	–	–	–

singvláris
nom.	marītvs	bellvm
gen.	marītī	bellī
dat.	marītō	bellō
acc.	marītvm	bellvm
abl.	marītō	bellō
voc.	marīte
loc.	Corinthī

plúrális
nom.	marītī	bella
gen.	marītōrvm	bellōrvm
dat.	marītīs	bellīs
acc.	marītōs	bellōs
abl.	marītīs	bellīs
voc.	marītī
loc.	–

dominvs,

pver marítí

singu

Déclínátió III – 3rd Declension

nouns in the 3rd declension can be of all three genders.

stems in consonants:

1. single consonants: réx, lítvs
2. in -r, -l: pater
3. in double consonants: vrbs

vowel stems

1. in -i: návis, mare

singvláris
nom.	rēx
gen.	rēgis
dat.	rēgīs
acc.	rēgem
voc.	rēge

réx

lītvs (nt.)

návis (nf.)

mare (nt.)

vrbs (nf.)

pater (nm.)

Déclínátió IV – 4td Declension

Diés Hebdomadis

diés Sólis	diés Lv́nae	diés Mártis	diés Mercvrí	diés Iovis	diés Veneris	diés Sátvrní/Sabbatí
Sunday	Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturdat

Color

Notae

(abbreviations)

ĀāĒēĪīŌōV̄v̄v́Ēȳ

cf. confer – cōnfer

ablative	abl.	abl.	ablātīvvs
accusative	acc.	acc.	accv̄sātīvvs
___	___.	a.d..	ante diem
adjective	adj.	adj.	adiectīvm
adverb	adv.	adv.	adverbivm
chapter		cap.	capitvlvm
		cet.	cēterī, -ae, -vm
		comp.	comparātīvvs
		coni.	coniv̄nctīvvs
dative	dat.	dat.	datīvvs
		decl.	dēclīnātiō
deponent		dep.	dēpōnēns
feminine	f.	f., fem.	fēminīnvm
		fut.	fvtv̄rvm
genitive	gen.	gen.	genetīvvs
ides		id.	īdv̄s
		imp.	imperfectvm
indeclinable		indecl.	indēclīnābile
infinitive		inf.	īnfinītīvvs
		kal.	kalendae
locative		loc.	locātīvvs
masculine		m., masc.	mascvlīnvm
neuter	nt.	n., nt., neutr.	nevtrvm
nominative		nom.	nōminātīvvs
page	pg.	pag., pg.	pāgina
participle	.	part.	participivm
passive (voice)		pass.	passīvvm
		perf.	perfectvm
person		pers.	persōna
plural		pl., plur.	plv̄rālis
present		praes.	praesēns
pronoun	pron.	pron.	prōnōmen
preposition	prep.	prp.	praepositiō
		s.d.	salv̄tem dīcit
singular		sg., sing.	singvlāris
superlative		sup.	svperlātīvvs
vocative		voc.	vocātīvvs

ablative (abl.)	abl.	abl.	ablātīvvs
accusative	acc.	acc.	accv̄sātīvvs
___	___.	a.d..	ante diem
adjective	adj.	adj.	adiectīvm
adverb	adv.	adv.	adverbivm
articvlvs	art.	art.	articvlvs
chapter		cap.	capitvlvm
		cet.	cēterī, -ae, -vm
		comp.	comparātīvvs
		coni.	coniv̄nctīvvs
dative	dat.	dat.	datīvvs
		decl.	dēclīnātiō
deponent		dep.	dēpōnēns
feminine	f.	f., fem.	fēminīnvm
		fut.	fvtv̄rvm
genitive	gen.	gen.	genetīvvs
ides		id.	īdv̄s
		imp.	imperfectvm
indeclinable		indecl.	indēclīnābile
infinitive			ínfínítívvs (inf.). modvs
		kal.	kalendae
locative		loc.	locātīvvs
masculine		m., masc.	mascvlīnvm
mood infinitive mood			modvs modvs ínfínítívvs
neuter	nt.	n., nt., neutr.	nevtrvm
nominative		nom.	nōminātīvvs
page	pg.	pag., pg.	pāgina
participle	.	part.	participivm
passive (voice)		pass.	passīvvm
		perf.	perfectvm
person		pers.	persōna
plural		pl., plur.	plv̄rālis
present		praes.	praesēns
pronoun	pron.	pron.	prōnōmen
preposition	prep.	prp.	praepositiō
		s.d.	salv̄tem dīcit
singular		sg., sing.	singvlāris
superlative		sup.	svperlātīvvs
tense imperfect tense future tense future perfect tense perfect tense pluperfect tense present tense			tempvs tempvs imperfectvm tempvs fvtv́rvm tempvs fvtv́rvm exáctvm tempvs perfectvm tempvs praeterivm plv́sqvamperfectvm tempvs praeséns
vocative			vocātīvvs
voice active voice			vóx vóx áctíva vóx passíva

ablātīvvs
accv̄sātīvvs
adiectīvm
adverbivm
ante diem
articvlvs	art.	art.	article
capitvlvm
cēterī, -ae, -vm
comparātīvvs			comparātīvvs
coniv̄nctīvvs			coniv̄nctīvvs
datīvvs			datīvvs
dēclīnātiō			dēclīnātiō
dēpōnēns			dēpōnēns
fēminīnvm			fēminīnvm
fvtv̄rvm			fvtv̄rvm
genetīvvs			genetīvvs
īdv̄s			īdv̄s
imperfectvm			imperfectvm
indēclīnābile			indēclīnābile
ínfínítívvs (inf.). modvs est			infinitive
kalendae			kalendae
locātīvvs			locātīvvs
mascvlīnvm			mascvlīnvm
modvs ínfínítívvs modvs			mood infinitive mood
nevtrvm			nevtrvm
nōmen			noun
nōminātīvvs			nōminātīvvs
pāgina			pāgina
participivm			participle
passīvvm			passīvvm
perfectvm			perfectvm
persōna			persōna
plv̄rālis			plv̄rālis
praesēns			praesēns
praepositiō
prōnōmen			prōnōmen
salv̄tem dīcit
singvlāris
svperlātīvvs
tempvs tempvs imperfectvm tempvs fvtv́rvm tempvs fvtv́rvm exáctvm tempvs perfectvm tempvs praeterivm plv́sqvamperfectvm tempvs praeséns			tense imperfect tense future tense future perfect tense perfect tense pluperfect tense present tense
vocātīvvs			vocative
vóx vóx áctíva vóx passíva			voice active voice passive voice

Glossary

síc semper tyrannís